题目一:任取两数乘积之和。A000914——无序数对的乘积之和——第一类斯特林数:s(n 2, n)。
从简单开始,是这样一串数。{0, 2, 11, 35, 85, 175, 322, 546, 870, 1320, 1925, 2717, 3731, 5005, 6580, 8500, 10812, 13566, 16815, 20615, 25025, 30107, 35926, 42550, 50050, 58500, 67977, 78561, 90335, 103385, 117800, 133672, 151096,
\(a(n)=\frac{n (n + 1) (n - 1)(3n + 2)}{24}\)
A000914——评论摘录。
朱世杰在其巨著《四无玉镜》中提出了这个问题:“苹果堆成三角形金字塔。最上面的苹果值2,整颗价格是1320。一层的每一个苹果比下一层的苹果便宜1个。”我们在序列中找到该问题的解9:1320 = a(9)。朱世杰给出了解多项式:“设元素天为底面一边的苹果数。根据这份陈述,我们有负方31680,正方10,正面第一莲21,正方末廉14,正方3。这可以转化为多项式方程:3*x^4 14*x^3 21*x^2 10*x - 31680 = 0。- 托马斯·谢尔勒,2025年2月10日
COMMENTS
Zhu Shijie gives in his Magnus Opus "Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns" the problem: "Apples are piled in the form of a triangular pyramid. The top apple is worth 2 and the price of the whole is 1320. Each apple in one layer costs 1 less than an apple in the next layer below." We find the solution 9 to this problem in this sequence 1320 = a(9). Zhu Shijie gave the solution polynomial: "Let the element tian be the number of apples in a side of the base. From the statement we have 31680 for the negative shi, 10 for the positive fang, 21 for the positive first lian, 14 for the positive last lian, and 3 for the positive yu." This translates into the polynomial equation: 3*x^4 + 14*x^3 + 21*x^2 + 10*x - 31680 = 0. - Thomas Scheuerle, Feb 10 2025
题目二:不相邻两数乘积之和。A050534——Tritriangular numbers: a(n) = binomial(binomial(n,2),2) = n*(n+1)*(n-1)*(n-2)/8.
从简单开始,是这样一串数。{0, 0, 3, 15, 45, 105, 210, 378, 630, 990, 1485, 2145, 3003, 4095, 5460, 7140, 9180, 11628, 14535, 17955, 21945, 26565, 31878, 37950, 44850, 52650, 61425, 71253, 82215, 94395, 107880, 122760, 139128, 157080,
\(a(n)=\frac{n (n + 1) (n - 1)(n - 2)}{8}\)
题目一减题目二是这样一串数——{0, 2, 8, 20, 40, 70, 112, 168, 240, 330, 440, 572, 728, 910, 1120, 1360, 1632, 1938, 2280, 2660, 3080, 3542, 4048, 4600, 5200, 5850, 6552, 7308, 8120, 8990, 9920, 10912, 11968, 13090, 14280, 15540, 16872,
\(a(n)=\frac{n (n + 1) (n - 1)}{3}\)
题目一与题目二可以有共同的公式。
LinearRecurrence[{5, -10, 10, -5, 1}, {0, 2, 11, 35, 85}, 30]
LinearRecurrence[{5, -10, 10, -5, 1}, {0, 0, 3, 15, 45}, 30] |